Karabulak Fm
Period:
Neogene, Quaternary
Age Interval:
Late Pliocene-early Pleistocene
Province:
Zaisan (Zaysan) Basin - East
Type Locality and Naming
Synonym: N2kr
Lithology and Thickness
Upper unit is 29.4 m of Yellowish-gray clays, locally brownish-yellow with mammalian remains and interbeds of yellowish-gray, fine-grained sands and sands with gravel-pebble material and boulders, locally gravel-pebble conglomerates. Lower unit is 30.3 m of Reddish-brown and brown clays with interbeds of grayish- and brownish-yellow fine- and variously-grained sands and gravel-pebble sands with lenses of conglomerates.
Lithology Pattern:
Sandy claystone
Relationships and Distribution
Lower contact
Unconformable onto the Kalmakpai Fm
Upper contact
Unconformably overlain by the Gobi Fm conglomerates
Regional extent
GeoJSON
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Fossils
Age
late Pliocene-early Pleistocene; bound by minor hiatuses of uncertain extent (not included in age span here)
Age Span:
Beginning stage:
Piacenzian
Fraction up in beginning stage:
0.0
Beginning date (Ma):
3.60
Ending stage:
Gelasian
Fraction up in the ending stage:
1.0
Ending date (Ma):
1.80
Depositional setting
Depositional pattern:
Additional Information
Compiler:
Information provided by Nariman Jamikeshev from Kazakh-language sources and from other publications.